All articles tagged with #neural activity
Scientists at Brown University have identified specific patterns in brain electrical activity, particularly in the beta frequency band, that can predict the development of Alzheimer's disease up to two and a half years before diagnosis, using a novel analytical approach called the Spectral Events Toolbox applied to magnetoencephalography data.
Recent research reveals that fMRI signals often misrepresent actual neural activity, with about 40% of cases showing increased signals where neural activity is reduced, due to regions extracting more oxygen without increased blood flow. This challenges long-standing assumptions in brain imaging and suggests a need for direct energy consumption measurements to better understand brain function and disorders.
Neuroscientists discovered that rotating neural waves in the prefrontal cortex help the brain recover focus after distraction, with full rotations correlating with correct task performance and incomplete ones predicting errors, suggesting the brain uses energy-efficient traveling waves for concentration restoration.
Scientists have identified a specific brainstem circuit involving Y1 receptor neurons in the parabrachial nucleus that can switch off chronic pain, revealing potential new avenues for treatment and understanding how the brain prioritizes survival needs over pain signals.
Lifelong social housing in rats preserves memory and cognitive flexibility during aging by enhancing hippocampal activity and neural balance, highlighting social connection as a key factor in protecting brain health in old age.
Neuroscientists from 22 labs created the first comprehensive brain map of decision-making in mice, tracking activity from over 600,000 neurons across nearly the entire brain, revealing widespread neural involvement and the role of prior knowledge, marking a major advancement in neuroscience research.
The study investigates how rate and noise in the human amygdala influence increased exploration during aversive learning, highlighting neural mechanisms underlying decision-making under threat and uncertainty.
Scientists have developed a brain implant that can decode inner speech into text or sound with up to 74% accuracy, offering promising advancements for individuals with speech or motor impairments, though further improvements and safeguards are needed.
A study suggests brain imaging can identify individuals with trauma-related symptoms who are most likely to benefit from MDMA treatment, showing that those with heightened brain reactivity to threats experience significant neural and behavioral changes, paving the way for personalized psychiatry approaches.
Researchers from Princeton University and collaborators have discovered that despite individual differences, brain neurons follow a shared 'potential landscape' that guides complex decision-making, with the landscape's shape varying with task difficulty, offering insights into how the brain organizes decisions and potential implications for psychiatric conditions.
A study by MIT neuroscientists reveals that sleep plays a crucial role in forming cognitive maps in the brain, which are essential for navigation and planning. While "place cells" in the hippocampus mark specific locations, weaker spatial cells connect these points into a cohesive mental map. Sleep refines these connections, enhancing the brain's ability to encode and navigate spaces. This research highlights the importance of subtle neural activity and rest in cognitive mapping.
A study using resting-state fMRI and neural recordings in mice reveals that some brain activity remains undetected by traditional fMRI scans, suggesting current imaging techniques may miss key neural signals. This discovery, led by Nanyin Zhang at Penn State, highlights the need to refine our understanding of brain networks and could improve the accuracy of interpreting brain activity in human studies.
Research reveals that negating adjectives with "not" slows down brain processing and weakens rather than inverts their meaning, providing insights into how the brain handles complex linguistic operations.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory developed an AI model to study the fruit fly brain, revealing that multiple neuron combinations process visual data in a complex "population code." This breakthrough could pave the way for understanding the human visual system and related disorders.
Researchers at Columbia University's Zuckerman Institute have discovered unique patterns of neural activity in the hippocampus of black-capped chickadees that work like barcodes and enable them to remember hundreds to thousands of food stash locations. This finding may provide insights into how the human brain creates and stores memories, shedding light on the neural basis of remarkable memory behavior in animals and potentially offering a framework for understanding human episodic memories.