All articles tagged with #fluid dynamics
Israeli researchers at Tel Aviv University discovered that particles rotating in opposite directions within a fluid spontaneously form active, chain-like structures resembling polymers, which can move and reorganize on their own, providing insights into natural phenomena and potential applications in smart materials and microscopic robotics.
Scientists have discovered that sperm and other microorganisms use a unique form of elasticity called 'odd elasticity' in their flagella, allowing them to swim efficiently in thick fluids by bending asymmetrically and bypassing traditional physics laws like Newton's third law. This discovery, supported by mathematical modeling and high-speed microscopy, could inspire new micro-robotic designs and improve understanding of microbial movement and human health issues related to cilia function.
Germany's JUPITER supercomputer has become the world's fourth fastest, featuring advanced NVIDIA hardware and demonstrating significant energy efficiency. It facilitates groundbreaking research in fluid dynamics and simulations that benefit aerospace, medicine, and engineering, setting new standards for sustainable high-performance computing.
A recent study reveals that human sperm can defy Newton's third law of motion by utilizing non-reciprocal internal forces powered by 'odd elasticity,' enabling efficient movement through viscous environments and challenging traditional physics principles, with implications for biomedical engineering and fertility research.
New research reveals that tiny marine snow particles sink faster than larger ones due to salt absorption in stratified ocean layers, challenging traditional fluid dynamics and impacting our understanding of the ocean's role in carbon sequestration and plastic pollution distribution.
Mathematicians may have solved Hilbert's sixth problem by developing a framework that unifies microscopic particle behavior with macroscopic fluid equations, bridging a 125-year-old gap in understanding how the laws of physics operate across different scales, with potential applications in weather modeling and fluid dynamics.
Scientists from the University of Manchester and the University of Oxford have uncovered the unique seed dispersal mechanism of the squirting cucumber (Ecballium elaterium), which uses fluid pressure to launch its seeds up to 10 meters away. This process involves the fruit engorging with mucilaginous fluid, altering the stem's angle for optimal launch, and a rapid recoil that propels the seeds. This adaptation reduces competition among offspring and has been studied since ancient times, with the findings published in PNAS.
Physicist Alessio Zaccone has discovered a new effect of Einstein's theory of special relativity on fluids, termed "fluid thickening," which describes how fluid viscosity changes under relativistic conditions. This groundbreaking theory, detailed in Physical Review E, combines relativistic equations with current fluid dynamics theories to explain viscosity behavior at near-light speeds and high temperatures. Zaccone's work suggests a potential new fundamental law of physics, enhancing our understanding of relativistic effects on fluids and their implications in astrophysics and high-energy physics.
A new theory extends Einstein's relativity to real fluids, proposing a relativistic theory of viscosity that accounts for the effects of high-speed motion on fluid properties. This theory, based on the relativistic Langevin equation, suggests that fluid viscosity increases with speed, analogous to length contraction and time dilation, and introduces the concept of "fluid thickening" at relativistic speeds. The findings have implications for understanding high-energy fluids like quark-gluon plasma in astrophysics and high-energy physics.
Researchers have developed a new model to predict the behavior of non-Newtonian fluids, such as blood and cornstarch mixtures, which exhibit unique properties like elastic turbulence. This advancement could have significant industrial applications, including optimizing the flow of slurries and biological solutions. The study, led by Marco Rosti at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, reveals that elastic turbulence in non-Newtonian fluids shares similarities with classical turbulence in Newtonian fluids, offering new insights into fluid dynamics.
Researchers from OIST, TIFR, and NORDITA have discovered that elastic turbulence in non-Newtonian fluids shares more similarities with classical Newtonian turbulence than previously thought. Their study, published in Nature Communications, reveals that elastic turbulence exhibits a universal power-law decay of energy and intermittent behavior, challenging existing views and paving the way for a comprehensive mathematical theory to describe this phenomenon.
A new study suggests that regular patterns can emerge from the turbulent motion of fluids under certain conditions, such as when particles in the fluid all spin in the same direction, a property called "odd viscosity." This effect, observed in a simulation, could have implications for controlling and shaping turbulence, potentially leading to breakthroughs in designing more efficient airplane wings, engines, and wind turbines. The findings, published in Nature, offer insights into the interplay between eddies and waves in turbulent flows and could have applications in various natural contexts, including the corona of the sun and the solar wind.
New research on cicadas reveals that these insects urinate in jets rather than droplets, defying expectations based on their size and diet. The surprising findings have implications for manipulating fluids at small scales, with potential applications in 3D printing, drug delivery, disease diagnostics, and space exploration. The study challenges existing theories about urination in small organisms and extends our understanding of fluid dynamics in the animal kingdom.
A new study reveals that cicadas expel jets of urine instead of droplets, a behavior that challenges traditional understanding of waste elimination in insects. Research on the glassy-winged sharpshooter showed that this "superpropulsion" mechanism conserves energy and reduces the likelihood of detection by predators. This unconventional excretion strategy is not unique to the sharpshooter, as other insects also employ various methods such as "frass-shooting" and "turd-hurling." The study sheds light on the fascinating fluid dynamics of insect waste release and its ecological implications.
A new study reveals that cicadas can discharge urine with far more force than their size would suggest, with jets of urine reaching a velocity of up to 3 meters per second, the fastest of all the animals assessed in the study. This spring, trillions of cicadas will emerge in the Southern and Midwestern United States, and their waste elimination in the form of urine may have a significant impact. The research, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, provides insights into the fluid dynamics of animal excretion and could offer new ideas for nozzle design based on how animals' bodies have evolved to solve their waste problems.