All articles tagged with #thermodynamics
University of Stuttgart researchers demonstrate that at atomic scales, quantum correlations between particles allow correlated quantum engines to exceed the traditional Carnot efficiency limit, by harvesting work from correlations in addition to heat; this generalizes thermodynamics for tiny, strongly correlated systems and could enable ultra-efficient nanoscale motors and quantum devices.
Researchers at West Virginia University have expanded the first law of thermodynamics to describe energy conversion in non‑equilibrium systems by incorporating additional quantitative descriptors beyond density and temperature, enabling a more complete account of energy flow in complex substances such as plasmas, chemistry, circuitry, and quantum systems; the breakthrough could reshape how scientists model energetic processes across multiple fields.
Physicists have demonstrated that the classical Carnot efficiency limit breaks down at the atomic scale when quantum correlations are involved, allowing microscopic heat engines to surpass traditional efficiency limits and paving the way for highly efficient quantum motors.
The article discusses the discovery of aeonophiles, ultra-long-lived microbes living deep beneath Earth's surface, which challenge traditional notions of lifespan and life itself, and have significant implications for understanding life's diversity, evolution, and potential existence on other planets.
Penn State scientists created seven new high-entropy oxide ceramics by removing oxygen during synthesis, stabilizing metals like iron and manganese in structures previously unattainable, using thermodynamic principles and machine learning to guide the process, with potential applications in energy, electronics, and coatings.
Physicists have created a microscopic Stirling engine using a silica particle levitated in electric fields, capable of simulating temperatures up to 13 million kelvin, providing insights into thermodynamics at extreme scales and potential applications in understanding biological processes and particle behavior in complex environments.
Scientists at King's College London have created the world's hottest microengine, operating at temperatures hotter than the sun's core, which could revolutionize our understanding of thermodynamics and aid in developing treatments for diseases by improving knowledge of protein folding.
Researchers have created the smallest and hottest engine ever, achieving temperatures of 10 million Kelvins inside a microscopic particle, which challenges traditional thermodynamics and offers potential for simulating microscopic phenomena like protein folding.
A German research team has demonstrated that the classical Carnot principle, which limits the efficiency of heat engines, does not apply at the atomic scale due to quantum correlations, potentially enabling the development of ultra-efficient quantum engines and nanobots.,
A graduate student at the University of Massachusetts Amherst discovered a liquid mixture of oil, water, and magnetized nickel particles that consistently forms and retains a Grecian urn shape, challenging traditional thermodynamic principles due to magnetic interactions, and opening new avenues in material science research.
Scientists at SLAC have used ultrafast laser heating and X-ray scattering to superheat gold to 19,000 kelvins—over 14 times its melting point—without melting, challenging long-standing thermodynamic limits and suggesting that the entropy catastrophe can be avoided with rapid heating, opening new avenues in material science and extreme condition modeling.
University of Seville professor José María Martín-Olalla has resolved a 120-year-old thermodynamics puzzle by demonstrating that Nernst’s theorem is inherently linked to the second law of thermodynamics, correcting a long-standing assumption made by Einstein and reframing the understanding of entropy near absolute zero.
A student at the University of Massachusetts Amherst discovered a liquid that reverts to a Grecian urn shape after agitation, defying traditional thermodynamic laws due to magnetic particle interactions, opening new research avenues in material science and self-healing applications.
A physics journal is planning to retract three papers by V.R. Sanal Kumar due to violations of the second law of thermodynamics and concerns about the reliability of their findings, amid allegations of a coordinated campaign to undermine his controversial theory of 'Sanal flow choking.'
Reversible computing, which allows programs to run backward as easily as forward, could significantly reduce energy consumption in AI by avoiding heat loss associated with data deletion, addressing fundamental physical limits of traditional chips. Researchers like Michael Frank and Hannah Earley are advancing this technology, which may soon be practical for commercial use, potentially revolutionizing energy-efficient AI processing.