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Peer Review

All articles tagged with #peer review

Five red flags that a research paper may be fraudulent
technology3 days ago

Five red flags that a research paper may be fraudulent

Science sleuths outline five practical checks to spot dubious papers: vet the references for relevance and possible fake or self-citing patterns; verify authors and affiliations (and ORCID IDs); examine figures and images for manipulation; evaluate the science itself for formulaic, boring, or implausible findings often produced by paper mills; and read the abstract for clarity and consistency, using community resources like PubPeer and Retraction Watch to corroborate concerns.

via Nature|
#authors-affiliations#citations#fraud-detection
AI-Driven Feedback Elevates Peer Review Quality in a Large-Scale Study
technology3 days ago

AI-Driven Feedback Elevates Peer Review Quality in a Large-Scale Study

Nature Machine Intelligence reports a large-scale randomized study showing that automated, LLM-generated feedback via the Review Feedback Agent improves peer review quality and engagement. At ICLR 2025, over 20,000 reviews were analyzed; 27% of reviewers who received AI feedback updated their reviews, incorporating more than 12,000 suggested edits. Blind evaluations found revised reviews more informative, and the intervention increased writing length (about 80 extra words for updaters) with longer author and reviewer rebuttals. The study suggests carefully designed LLM feedback can make reviews more specific and actionable while boosting reviewer–author engagement; data and open-source code are available.

via Nature|
#iclr-2025#large-language-models#peer-review
AI coach sharpens peer review with clearer, more constructive feedback
technology5 days ago

AI coach sharpens peer review with clearer, more constructive feedback

A five-LLM AI coach, called Review Feedback Agent, was developed to help peer reviewers deliver more specific, constructive, and less toxic feedback. When tested on thousands of existing reviews, it frequently suggested actionable ways to improve comments. It remains unclear whether this improves the quality or impact of the papers being reviewed, requiring further study.

via Nature|
#artificial-intelligence#language-models#peer-review
AI Slop Tests the Limits of Computer Science Publishing
technology13 days ago

AI Slop Tests the Limits of Computer Science Publishing

Nature reports that a surge of AI-generated, low-quality submissions—dubbed 'AI slop'—is flooding computer science journals and conferences, with ICML 2026 receiving over 24,000 papers and arXiv submissions up more than 50% since ChatGPT; some papers are AI-generated or contain fabrications, prompting arXiv and conference policy changes, expanded reviewer pools, and debates about moving to rolling-journal models to preserve research integrity.

via Nature|
#ai#arxiv#machine-learning
Critique casts doubt on claim that trees anticipate solar eclipses
science22 days ago

Critique casts doubt on claim that trees anticipate solar eclipses

A new critique published in Trends in Plant Science questions the 2025 study that linked synchronized bioelectrical activity in spruce trees to a partial solar eclipse, arguing the small sample size, numerous variables, and lack of alternative explanations undermine the claim; some scientists label the work as pseudoscience, while the original researchers defend the preliminary results and say follow-up studies are ongoing.

via Ars Technica|
#bioelectrical-activity#peer-review#plants
Retractions, AI Slop, and the Watchful Eye of Peer Review
science28 days ago

Retractions, AI Slop, and the Watchful Eye of Peer Review

Retraction Watch’s Weekend Reads roundup recaps a week of publishing scrutiny: headlines about a researcher’s alleged poisoning obfuscation, plagiarism accusations, fake references, and dozens of retractions due to compromised peer review; it also highlights AI-related issues in arXiv’s new rules (endorsements for first-time posters and English submissions) and a broad set of discussions on replication, ethics, and data use. The post notes the Hijacked Journal Checker with 400+ entries, the Retraction Watch Database surpassing 63,000 retractions, COVID-era retractions over 640, and 50 mass resignations, and invites donations to support the work.

via Retraction Watch|
#academic-publishing#ai-in-research#arxiv
AI Flood Threatens Trust in Scientific Publishing
artificial-intelligence1 month ago

AI Flood Threatens Trust in Scientific Publishing

A Gizmodo.io9 piece argues that AI-generated or AI-augmented papers are flooding arXiv, undermining traditional signals of quality and risking the reliability of scientific publishing. While AI can help with language barriers, analyses show AI-authored submissions are more prolific and standard quality indicators are becoming less reliable as publication volume rises; incidents like a Nature report about a German researcher misusing ChatGPT and AI-generated data in cancer research illustrate the potential for fraud. The article warns this could overwhelm scholarly communication unless reviewers and repositories tighten safeguards.

via Gizmodo|
#artificial-intelligence#arxiv#peer-review
NeurIPS 2025: Over 100 fake citations slip past peer review as submissions explode
technology1 month ago

NeurIPS 2025: Over 100 fake citations slip past peer review as submissions explode

GPTZero analyzed NeurIPS 2025 papers and found at least 100 fabricated citations across 51 papers that passed peer review, amid a 220% surge in submissions since 2020. The report details fake DOIs and author names, describes 'Vibe Citing' patterns, and notes that NeurIPS and ICLR consider hallucinated citations grounds for rejection or retraction, underscoring reviewer overload and the urgent need for stronger citation verification and fact-checking in AI research.

via the-decoder.com|
#academic-integrity#fake-citations#gptzero
Replication Reframes Quantum Topology Breakthroughs
science1 month ago

Replication Reframes Quantum Topology Breakthroughs

A University of Pittsburgh–led team replicated four claimed topological effects in nanoscale quantum devices and found that dramatic “smoking gun” signals could arise from ordinary, mundane factors. The study advocates broader data sharing, more exhaustive exploration of experimental parameter space, and transparent reporting to prevent premature claims and strengthen peer review in condensed-matter quantum research.

via SciTechDaily|
#data-sharing#peer-review#quantum-computing
AI-suspected technobabble prompts Springer Nature inquiry into prolific editor
science1 month ago

AI-suspected technobabble prompts Springer Nature inquiry into prolific editor

A Turkish associate professor and editor, Eren Öğüt, faces a Springer Nature investigation after reviewers flagged multiple 2025 papers that read like technobabble, use irrelevant MATLAB code, and lack reproducible data or overlaid brain images. His unusually high volume of peer reviews (about 650 in one year) and roles as editor across journals raise concerns about editorial bias and integrity, with critics noting AI-assisted editing and a pattern of single-authored works that resemble prior templates. The investigation focuses on methodological gaps, data sharing, and potential misrepresentation of results in Neuroinformatics and related journals.

via Retraction Watch|
#academic-publishing#ai-in-research#neuroimaging
AI Adoption in Peer Review: A Growing Trend and Policy Challenge
science-and-technology2 months ago

AI Adoption in Peer Review: A Growing Trend and Policy Challenge

A survey of 1,600 researchers across 111 countries reveals that over half now use AI for peer review, often against guidelines, with many employing it to assist in writing reports, summarizing manuscripts, and detecting misconduct. Despite its growing use, concerns about confidentiality, accuracy, and the need for responsible implementation persist, prompting publishers like Frontiers to develop policies and in-house AI tools. Experiments show AI can mimic review structure but lacks the ability to provide constructive feedback or detailed critique, highlighting both the potential and limitations of AI in peer review.

via Nature|
#ai#large-language-models#peer-review