
Dairy’s double-edged effect on gut bacteria
A study analyzing wall-attached gut bacteria from colon biopsies finds dairy foods can have both positive and negative effects on the gut microbiome: higher total dairy and milk intake were associated with greater bacterial diversity and higher levels of beneficial microbes like Faecalibacterium and Akkermansia on the colon lining (with lactose likely driving part of this effect), while higher cheese intake correlated with lower levels of certain bacteria. Yogurt signals were inconclusive due to low consumption. Overall, dairy’s impact depends on the type of dairy, lactose content, fiber intake, and individual microbiome, and more diverse research is needed.













