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Autophagy

All articles tagged with #autophagy

science1 day ago

Pesticide chlorpyrifos linked to nearly triple Parkinson's risk, UCLA study finds

A UCLA-led study links long-term chlorpyrifos exposure to about a 2.74-fold increase in Parkinson's disease risk, based on 829 PD cases and 824 controls using California pesticide-use data and residence/work addresses; animal models show dopamine neuron loss and alpha-synuclein buildup with autophagy disruption, which can be mitigated by stimulating autophagy, supporting a likely causal link while noting many factors influence PD and that chlorpyrifos use persists in the US.

via ScienceAlert|
#alpha-synuclein#autophagy#chlorpyrifos
science3 days ago

Chlorpyrifos Exposure Linked to Substantially Higher Parkinson’s Risk

A UCLA Health study links long-term residential exposure to the pesticide chlorpyrifos with more than a 2.5-fold increase in Parkinson’s disease risk. Animal tests show chlorpyrifos damages dopamine neurons and triggers brain inflammation via autophagy disruption, suggesting autophagy restoration as a potential therapeutic angle. Despite declines in the U.S., past exposure and ongoing use elsewhere mean monitoring and further research on pesticide-related neurodegeneration are warranted.

via SciTechDaily|
#autophagy#chlorpyrifos#neurodegeneration
health1 year ago

Ketone Bodies Aid Brain Health by Removing Damaged Proteins

Research from the Buck Institute reveals that ketone bodies, particularly β-hydroxybutyrate, can aid in clearing damaged proteins in the brain by altering their solubility and promoting autophagy. This discovery, tested in mouse models of Alzheimer's and aging, suggests a new metabolic link to neurodegeneration and aging, offering potential therapeutic pathways. The study highlights ketone bodies as signaling metabolites that improve brain health beyond their energy-providing role during fasting.

via Neuroscience News|
#alzheimers-disease#autophagy#health
health2 years ago

Oral Pathogen Linked to Increased Heart Attack Damage: Scientists Uncover Hidden Peril

A study from Tokyo Medical and Dental University reveals that the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis, which causes gum disease, can hinder the self-repair of cardiac myocytes after a heart attack. The bacterium disrupts the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes, leading to impaired heart tissue restructuring and an increased risk of heart rupture. Treating oral infections may help prevent fatal heart attacks.

via SciTechDaily|
#autophagy#cardiac-myocytes#gum-disease
health2 years ago

"Spermidine: Unveiling the Truth Behind its Anti-Aging Potential"

Spermidine, a compound found in protein-making ribosomes inside cells, has gained popularity as an anti-aging supplement. It promotes autophagy, a process that disassembles damaged components and recycles them into new functioning parts. While studies in model organisms have shown positive effects on lifespan and various health markers, a recent clinical trial on older adults did not find any benefits of spermidine over a placebo. It is possible that the dose used was not high enough, but it is also likely that spermidine may not be the "anti-aging" compound researchers hoped for. Further human clinical trials are needed to determine its efficacy.

via Big Think|
#anti-aging#autophagy#clinical-trials
neuroscience2 years ago

Early Metabolic Changes in Alzheimer's Disease Revealed

A study using App knock-in mice, a model for Alzheimer's disease (AD), found that mitochondrial hypermetabolism occurs before the development of amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques. The study also observed impaired autophagy, declining mitochondrial function, neuroinflammation, and synaptic disturbances after the establishment of Aβ pathology. These findings suggest that mitochondrial alterations may occur in the early stages of AD and contribute to neuronal damage.

via Nature.com|
#alzheimers-disease#app-knock-in-mice#autophagy
health-and-science2 years ago

"The Iditarod Protein: Uniting Exercise, Cold Resistance, and Cell Repair in Fly Fitness"

Researchers have discovered a protein in fruit flies called Iditarod, which is related to human irisin and plays a crucial role in exercise benefits and cold adaptation. The gene, Iditarod, is involved in the autophagy process, which helps clean up damaged cells during intense exercise. Flies lacking the Iditarod gene had impaired exercise endurance and were unable to tolerate cold. This study highlights the evolutionary significance of this gene family in both invertebrates and mammals, emphasizing its role in muscle damage repair during exercise.

via SciTechDaily|
#autophagy#cell-repair#cold-resistance
science2 years ago

"Unveiling the Genetic Connection: How Exercise, Cold Tolerance, and Cellular Maintenance are Linked in Flies"

A study published in PNAS has identified a gene, called Iditarod, in fruit flies that is involved in exercise endurance, cold tolerance, and cellular maintenance. The researchers found that flies lacking the Iditarod gene had impaired exercise endurance and were unable to tolerate cold temperatures. The gene is believed to be involved in the autophagy process, which helps clean the cellular environment by removing damaged organelles or toxic byproducts. The researchers also discovered a similar gene, FNDC5, in humans, which is a precursor to the protein irisin known to be involved in exercise benefits and adaptation to cold temperatures. This study suggests that this gene family plays an important role in these physiological processes across different species.

via Phys.org|
#autophagy#cellular-maintenance#cold-tolerance
medical-research2 years ago

"Autophagy protein p62: A Key Factor for Survival in Sporadic ALS"

Accumulation of p62 protein, involved in the autophagy process, in the spinal cord is associated with worse survival outcomes in individuals with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The buildup of p62 clumps indicates impaired autophagy, leading to the improper clearance of toxic protein aggregates contributing to ALS. The study suggests that p62 could serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in ALS.

via ALS News Today|
#als#autophagy#medical-research
health2 years ago

Maraviroc: A Promising Treatment for Dementia and Huntington's Disease.

Researchers at the University of Cambridge have found that an existing HIV drug, maraviroc, can inhibit a switch (CCR5) that impairs autophagy, leading to a reduction in harmful protein build-up and potentially slowing down memory loss in mice with Huntington's disease and dementia. The drug reduced the amount of tau aggregates and slowed down the loss of brain cells in dementia mice, and reduced the number of huntingtin aggregates in Huntington's disease mice. The discovery has led to clues on how this build-up could be slowed or prevented in humans.

via SciTechDaily|
#autophagy#dementia#health