Tag

Chromosome Structure

All articles tagged with #chromosome structure

biology5 months ago•72 min saved

3D Organization of Active and Silenced E. coli Genome

The study uses ultra-high-resolution Micro-C mapping to reveal complex 3D structures in the E. coli genome, including transcription-dependent domains called OPCIDs and repressive structures called CHINs and CHIDs, which are primarily assembled on horizontally transferred genes and regulated by nucleoid-associated proteins like H-NS. These structures influence gene expression and genome stability, with H-NS playing a central role in their formation and maintenance.

via Nature|

#3d-genome-organization #biology #chromosome-structure

genetics2 years ago•88 min saved

"Slow Genome Evolution in Frogs Revealed by Conserved Chromatin and Repetitive Patterns"

A study reports a high-quality reference genome sequence for the western clawed frog, Xenopus tropicalis, along with draft chromosome-scale sequences of three distantly related emerging model frog species, revealing that frog chromosomes have remained remarkably stable since the Mesozoic Era with limited translocations and fusions. The study explores the structure of chromosomes across frogs, using a dense meiotic linkage map for X. tropicalis and chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) data for all species, revealing conserved ancestral anuran chromosomes from which contemporary frog genomes were constructed. The findings provide essential resources for further work to exploit the experimental possibilities of these diverse animals and make anurans ripe for comparative genomic and evolutionary analysis.

via Nature.com|

#chromosome-structure #comparative-genomics #frogs

science2 years ago•9 min saved

Uncovering the Origins and Evolution of Animals through Genetics and Fossils.

A new study based on chromosome structure has determined that comb jellies, or ctenophores, were the first lineage to diverge from the animal tree of life, preceding sponges. This research contributes to our understanding of early animal evolution and offers insight into the origin of key features of animal biology such as the nervous system, muscles, and the digestive tract. The study relied on the organization of genes into chromosomes to determine the evolutionary relationships among diverse creatures, shedding light on the earliest animal ancestors.

via SciTechDaily|

#animal-evolution #chromosome-structure #ctenophores