Metformin’s brain pathway unlocked: Rap1 in the hypothalamus drives glucose control
TL;DR Summary
Scientists reveal metformin lowers blood sugar by acting in the brain, specifically by suppressing Rap1 in the ventromedial hypothalamus and activating SF1 neurons, with brain effects at far lower drug levels than previously thought, opening possibilities for brain-targeted diabetes therapies and potential brain-health benefits.
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