Experiments simulating Martian conditions reveal that the gullies and sinuous features on Mars' dunes are carved by the sublimation of dry ice, which burrows into the sand and ejects material, explaining their unique shapes and formation process.
Scientists have discovered that dry ice (CO₂ ice) sublimating and sliding down slopes on Mars can carve out gullies, offering an alternative explanation to water flow for these features and providing insights into Martian geology and climate processes.
New research suggests that gullies on Mars may have been shaped by the sublimation of carbon dioxide ice rather than just liquid water, potentially indicating that the planet's history of liquid water and habitability may have been shorter than previously thought. Lab experiments simulating Martian conditions demonstrated that CO2 sublimation can fluidize and sustain granular flows, raising questions about the duration of Mars' habitable period and its potential for supporting life.