Unveiling Martian Wind Patterns through Sand Dunes

Machine learning has been used to analyze the morphology of barchan dunes on Mars, revealing the planet's atmospheric wind patterns. The study found that localized topography, such as impact craters, can deflect winds and influence dune formation. The research identified distinct patterns in dune migration related to summer atmospheric circulation, with northward-directed winds at mid-latitudes and cyclonic circulation near the north pole. At latitudes above 45°N, dune migration patterns are easterly, matching the cyclonic polar vortex circulation. The study provides valuable insights for understanding Mars' meteorological activities and supporting future manned missions to the planet.