Cracking the Enigma: Unraveling the Origins of Mars' Moons

The origin of Mars' moons, Phobos and Deimos, has long puzzled scientists. Two competing hypotheses suggest that they may be debris from an impact on Mars or captured asteroids. To solve this mystery, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) will launch the Martian Moon eXploration (MMX) mission in 2024. The spacecraft will collect material from Phobos' surface and return it to Earth by 2029. Analyzing this material, particularly through oxygen isotope analysis, will provide insights into the origin of the moons and the early solar system.