Unveiling a Groundbreaking Theory on Volcanic Fountaining

Scientists studying the 2021 eruption of Iceland's Fagradalsfjall volcano have proposed a new theory on how volcanic fountains form. They believe that low-lying volcanoes like Fagradalsfjall have a shallow magma-filled cavity beneath the caldera. As the magma rises, a layer of gas-induced foam forms, and when this layer collapses, it creates pressure that propels the magma into the air, resulting in lava fountains. This study brings scientists closer to understanding the formation of these captivating phenomena, which differ from fountaining events at other well-known volcanoes. Fagradalsfjall volcano has recently shown increased activity, prompting evacuations due to the potential threat of eruption.