XRISM reveals the turbulent winds around supermassive black holes

NASA/JAXA’s XRISM X‑ray mission uses high‑resolution spectroscopy to measure gas motions around supermassive black holes, notably M87* and the Perseus cluster, unveiling the strongest turbulence seen near a black hole and the kinetic energy of surrounding gas. This helps explain how black holes heat their environments and influence galactic evolution; findings published late Jan 2026 in Nature and built on XRISM’s 2023 launch in collaboration with ESA.