Frog vaccine boosts microbiome resilience against deadly fungus.

A new study led by researchers at Penn State found that a new vaccine against the deadly chytrid fungus in frogs can shift the composition of the microbiome, making frogs more resilient to future exposure to the fungus. The study suggests that the microbiome response could be an important, overlooked part of vaccine efficacy. The researchers believe this adaptive shift in the microbiome composition, which they call the "microbiome memory," could play an important role in vaccine efficacy.