Mars rocks yield tiny ruby-like crystals, sparking sapphire speculation

NASA’s Perseverance rover analyzed float rocks at Jezero Crater and detected signatures of corundum with chromium consistent with rubies. The crystals are extremely small (under 0.2 mm) and may be other corundum varieties such as sapphires, so a definitive identification can’t yet be made. Their origin is unclear, likely linked to high-temperature/high-pressure conditions from impacts or hydrothermal processes, and the rocks are out of their original context, requiring more samples for confirmation. Researchers note Mars may host other gemstone-bearing minerals in other areas as well.