2D nanomaterials revolutionize neuroscience for brain repair and diagnosis.

Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, including graphene, layered double hydroxides, black phosphorous, transition metal carbides, and transition metal dichalcogenides, have unique structures and physicochemical properties that make them useful in neuroscience. They have been applied in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, synaptic stimulation, neurodegenerative diseases, traumatic brain injury, and glioma. Graphene-based nanomaterials have significant electrical conductivity and good biocompatibility, making them excellent candidates for neural tissue engineering. 2D nanomaterials have also been used in the development of artificial synaptic devices and for early diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.