Genetics and environment jointly sculpt the immune cell epigenome

Single-cell methylome and chromatin-accessibility analysis across 171 PBMC samples shows that genetic variation and environmental exposures independently shape immune cell epigenomes, with exposure- and genotype-associated regions showing distinct genomic enrichments (eDMRs at enhancers, gDMRs in gene bodies); colocalization of meQTLs with disease GWAS signals provides cell-type-specific insights into how genetics and environment influence health and disease.