Uncovering the Neuronal Imbalance Origins of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Scientists have used organoids, or "mini-brains," to study the origins of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). By analyzing these miniature brain models, researchers discovered an imbalance of excitatory cortical neurons in the forebrains of individuals with ASD. This imbalance is believed to occur during early brain development in utero, shedding light on the genetic origins of autism. The study also identified specific genes, known as transcription factors, that play a crucial role in early brain development and are associated with the neuronal imbalance observed in ASD patients. This research builds upon previous studies and may contribute to prenatal genetic testing and potential prevention of ASD.