Unraveling the Distortion of Time: Differentiating Modified Gravity from Dark Forces
Scientists are exploring ways to differentiate between a universe where Einstein's equations of General Relativity were violated and a universe where the equations of the 18th-century mathematician Leonhard Euler were modified. This is motivated by the mysteries surrounding dark matter and the accelerating expansion of the universe. While measuring the gravitational slip, a signature of modified gravity, may not be enough to distinguish between the two scenarios, measuring the gravitational redshift could provide the necessary distinction. Techniques are being developed to detect the tiny effects of gravitational redshift and differentiate between a modification of Euler's equation for dark matter and a modification of gravity.