COP28: A Comprehensive Overview of Outcomes, Pledges, and Funding

The 28th conference of the parties (COP28) concluded with agreements on funding for loss and damage caused by climate change and a commitment to transition away from fossil fuels. However, the conference fell short of delivering the decisive action needed to address the climate crisis. Key decisions included support for vulnerable nations, progress on climate finance targets, emphasis on global adaptation strategies, and language on emissions reductions and carbon markets. The conference also highlighted the importance of a just transition and nature-based solutions. COP29 will be hosted by Baku, Azerbaijan. Overall, while some progress was made, many view the agreements as incremental steps rather than the giant leaps needed to combat climate change.