"The Limitations of Logic and Reasoning in Science"

Throughout history, humanity has used both top-down (a priori) and bottom-up (a posteriori) reasoning to gain knowledge about the world. However, science has shown that no amount of logical reasoning can substitute for empirical knowledge. Three examples illustrate how logic and reasoning alone are insufficient in science: the nature of light, the age of the Earth, and Einstein's cosmological constant. These cases demonstrate that the only way to gain meaningful knowledge of the Universe is by asking quantitative questions that can be answered through experiment and observation.