"Genetic Adaptation: Thriving at Extreme Altitudes and Deep Underwater"
Researchers have identified a genetic mutation in the EPAS1 gene in Andean highlanders that allows them to thrive at high altitudes with low oxygen levels, similar to adaptations seen in Tibetan populations. This mutation lowers hemoglobin levels, preventing chronic mountain sickness and improving exercise ability. The study also reveals convergent evolution in humans and identifies unique variants in the EPAS1 gene in highlander populations. Additionally, the same gene variant is found in a deep-sea-dwelling fish, suggesting shared adaptive traits across species.