Raynaud Syndrome: What Cold Fingers Really Signal—and How to Manage It
Raynaud phenomenon occurs when small blood vessels overreact to cold or stress, causing color changes in fingers/toes (blue, white, red) and sometimes ulcers; primary Raynaud is common and usually harmless, while secondary Raynaud can accompany autoimmune diseases and be more severe. Diagnosis uses nailfold capillaroscopy and blood tests; treatments include off-label options like calcium channel blockers and, in severe cases, epoprostenol infusions. Prevention focuses on avoiding triggers, gradual warming, staying warm, stress reduction, and minimizing caffeine, nicotine, and other vasoconstrictors.