The Role of Western Equipment and Central Asian Tech in Russia's War Machine

Despite extensive export controls imposed by the US and the European Union, Russia has managed to import Western-produced components for its military complex, including missiles, drones, armored vehicles, and helicopters. Ukrainian authorities have discovered over a thousand components of Western origin used in Russian military equipment, with two-thirds supplied by US-based companies. Russia has found ways to circumvent export controls, including on-shipment via third countries like China and the use of "on-production" methods. The international coalition opposing Russia's invasion of Ukraine must intensify cooperation and information exchange to enforce stricter export controls and prevent Russia from utilizing Western technology to attack Ukraine.