NASA bets on nuclear-electric power for a 2028 Mars mission

NASA Administrator Jared Isaacman and agency leaders announced Space Reactor-1 Freedom, a nuclear-electric propulsion mission to Mars set for December 2028 that repurposes the Lunar Gateway’s Power and Propulsion Element (PPE) to run xenon ion thrusters and carry three Ingenuity-class helicopters for surface scouting. The spacecraft will host a 20+ kilowatt fission reactor with a closed Brayton power cycle, using solar panels to supply electricity when the reactor is off. The mission aims to demonstrate Nuclear Electric Propulsion as a pathfinder for high‑power, long‑duration journeys and to inform future missions, with readiness milestones in 2027–2028 and a plan to arrive near Mars about a year after launch; it could spawn further concept missions like Lunar Reactor-1 and invite commercial partners and student payloads.