"Unveiling Earth's Ancient Secrets: The Deep Occurrence of 450-Million-Year-Old Diamonds"

Diamonds are the deepest-occurring gemstones on Earth, forming in the upper mantle at depths between 93 and 186 miles (150 to 300 km) under extreme pressures. Peridot, the gem form of olivine, was once a contender for the title but has been surpassed by superdeep diamonds found at depths of 410 miles (660 km) and 466 miles (750 km). Diamonds are brought to the surface by volatile kimberlite magma, and their scientific importance lies in providing valuable insights into the Earth's interior and processes, including tectonic activity, the carbon cycle, water distribution, and the discovery of new minerals.