Scientists tout vaccines as potential game-changer in cancer treatment.

Scientists predict that vaccines could be the next big thing in cancer treatment, with experimental treatments showing promise in shrinking tumors and stopping cancer from coming back. Targets for these treatments include breast and lung cancer, with gains reported this year for deadly skin cancer melanoma and pancreatic cancer. Cancer vaccines boost the immune system to find and kill cancer cells, and some new ones use mRNA, which was developed for cancer but first used for COVID-19 vaccines. More vaccines that prevent cancer may be ahead too, with decades-old hepatitis B vaccines preventing liver cancer and HPV vaccines preventing cervical cancer.