"Breakthrough Discovery: Controlling Breast Cancer Metastasis with an On/Off Switch"

Researchers at Stanford University and the Arc Institute have discovered that a protein called ENPP1 acts as an on/off switch for breast cancer metastasis and resistance to immunotherapy. High levels of ENPP1 are associated with poor patient response to immunotherapy and increased metastasis. The findings could lead to the development of more effective immunotherapies and improved prediction of patient response to existing treatments. ENPP1 inhibitors are already in clinical development, and the researchers believe that ENPP1 may play a critical role in other "cold" tumors as well.