Draghi calls for a genuine EU federation to stave off deindustrialisation

Former Italian PM Mario Draghi argues in a Leuven University speech that the EU must move from a loose confederation to a genuine federation to prevent subordination, division and deindustrialisation as the US and China reshape global order. He promotes a pragmatic federalism where member states opt in but Europe acts cohesively on trade, competition and monetary policy, highlighting the euro as a success and warning that a divided bloc risks losing its values and strategic influence.