
Russia’s Ukraine toll tops WWII-era wars, but the wounded blur the full cost
A CSIS estimate puts Russia’s end-2025 combat casualties at about 1.2 million (killed, missing, wounded), with total war casualties on both sides near 2 million—far surpassing any major power since World War II. However, many wounded are reintegrated into service and missing data are uncertain, so the publicly visible figures likely understate the true human cost of the war.



