The Limitations of ChatGPT and the Quest for True AI.

The rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has led to questions about whether they can think and understand. However, careful philosophical analysis and argument suggests that they cannot. While passing the Turing test may show that an AI has achieved thought and understanding, it does not necessarily mean it is conscious. Consciousness must have evolved because it made a behavioural difference, and systems with consciousness must behave differently and survive better than those without. As we learn more about the brain's detailed workings, we will precisely identify which areas of the brain embody consciousness.