Water-in-Diesel Emulsions Offer Big Emission Cuts Without Engine Redesign

A review of Water-in-Diesel Emulsion (WiDE) technology finds that blending tiny water droplets into diesel fuel creates micro-explosions during combustion, improving fuel-air mixing and lowering peak temperatures. This can reduce nitrogen oxides by up to about 67% and particulate matter by up to about 68%, with potential boosts in engine efficiency, all without redesigning engines; stability relies on surfactants and optimized formulations, and further work is needed on long-term effects and best mixtures.