The Deadly Tactics of Carnivorous Fungi: Trapping and Digesting Worms
Arthrobotrys oligospora, a worm-eating fungus, has been found to sense, trap, and consume small animals. New research has revealed the molecular changes that enable its predatory lifestyle. The fungus increases DNA replication and protein production when it senses worms nearby. It produces adhesive structures to trap and immobilize nematodes, and uses filamentous structures to burrow into and digest the worms. These findings enhance our understanding of the key processes involved in fungal carnivory. Nematode-trapping fungi play an important ecological role as natural predators, helping to maintain microorganism ecosystems and nutrient cycling.