Advancements in Quantifying Quantumness and Boosting Quantum Factoring

Physicists and mathematicians are on a quest to quantify the power of quantum systems by identifying the physical properties that distinguish them from classical systems. They have discovered three metrics: entanglement, magic, and fermionic magic. Entanglement measures the degree of quantum correlation between particles, while magic captures the ability of quantum circuits to perform computations that are hard to simulate classically. Fermionic magic relates to the simulation of noninteracting fermions, which can be easily simulated classically. Researchers have made progress in understanding and measuring these metrics, but the search for a unified metric that captures all aspects of quantumness continues.